Anabantoids · Advanced care

Paradise fish

Macropodus opercularis

Paradise fish is rated advanced here because of its adult size, water range and social needs. Use gentle surface movement, floating cover and a secure lid. Can be aggressive; provide a lid and choose tank mates carefully.

Paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) in an aquarium
Photo: André Karwath aka Aka · CC BY-SA 2.5
Adult size10 cm (3.9 in)
Minimum tank29 US gal
Temperature61–79°F (16–26°C)
pH range6.0–8.0
Group sizeOne or a compatible pair
Swimming levelTop to middle

Is Paradise fish a good aquarium fish?

Paradise fish reaches about 10 cm as an adult, so plan around the adult fish rather than the juvenile size seen in shops. The suggested minimum of 29 US gallons assumes suitable filtration, open swimming space and routine maintenance.

Territorial, especially when breeding. Keep the recommended group of one fish or a compatible pair and avoid mixing it with tank mates that need a very different temperature, water chemistry or swimming level.

Water and aquarium setup

A stable temperature of 16–26°C and pH of 6.0–8.0 are the working ranges in the planner. Stability and clean, oxygenated water matter more than chasing a single target number.

Keep the surface calm enough for labyrinth-fish breathing, add floating cover and use a tight lid to reduce jumping and cold air exposure.

Diet

Small floating or slow-sinking pellets, frozen foods and occasional live foods.

Compatibility notes

Can be aggressive; provide a lid and choose tank mates carefully.

Use the Stocking & Bioload Planner to check a proposed community. Its estimated bioload value for one adult paradise fish is 5.66 units; this is a planning heuristic, not a replacement for testing nitrate.

Common mistakes

  • Planning around the shop size instead of the adult size.
  • Adding a schooling fish in a group smaller than its social minimum.
  • Ignoring the tank's length, floor area or lid because the gallon number looks adequate.
  • Adding fish before the aquarium is cycled and ammonia and nitrite are consistently zero.

Care ranges are conservative summaries of commonly cited husbandry references. Individual fish, strains and local water can differ; monitor the aquarium and adjust the plan gradually.

Photo source: André Karwath aka Aka · CC BY-SA 2.5. The local copy is resized for page performance.